* How do animals possess long-range navigation and migration abilities? * How was the homing ability developed? * How can some animals detect earthquake precursors? * What are the effects of natural electric fields?
* What is the three-dimensional shape of a protein given its sequence (the Protein folding problem)? * What is the evolutionary origin of every gene and every base pair? * What is the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA)? * What is the complete structure and function of the proteins expressed by a cell or organ at a particular time and under specific conditions? * What is the complete function of the regulator genes? * The C-value enigma: what are the functions of noncoding DNA, and why do different organisms have very variable amounts of it?
* How and where did it start? * How widely distributed is it? * What are the conditions necessary for the origin of life? * Is it possible for humans to stop the aging process?